Official websites use. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: yuanwei11 yahoo. The associations between Bisphenol-A BPA exposure and reproductive hormone levels among women are unclear. A cross-sectional study was conducted among female workers from BPA-exposed and unexposed factories in China. Their urine samples were collected for BPA measurement. In the exposed group, time weighted average exposure to BPA for an 8-h shift TWA8a measure incorporating historic exposure level, was generated based on personal air sampling. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine linear associations between urine BPA concentration and reproductive hormones after controlling for potential confounders. A total of exposed and unexposed female workers were included in this study. A significant positive association between increased urine BPA concentration and higher PRL and PROG levels were observed. Similar associations were observed after the analysis was carried out separately among the exposed and unexposed workers. In addition, a positive association between urine BPA and E2 was observed among exposed workers with borderline significance, while a statistically significant inverse association between urine BPA and FSH was observed among unexposed group. The results suggest that BPA exposure may lead to alterations in female reproductive hormone levels. Endocrine disrupting chemicals EDCs are a cluster of chemicals which can affect the endocrine system, including effects on hormone synthesis, secretion, or metabolism in the body. One such chemical, Bisphenol A BPAhas brought about more and more concerns due to its wide spread exposure and potential harmful effects to human health [ 12 ]. BPA is a constitute of polycarbonate and epoxy resins, which may be used as the lacquer lining of food and beverage cans, and some dental sealants and composites. As a result of exposure from dietary and other sources, most people have BPA detected in their urine, despite their various lifestyles [ 2 ]. Accumulating literature documents the alterations of circulating reproductive hormone concentrations following BPA exposures in animal models [ 345 ]. Particularly, these effects can be observed at environmentally relevant low dose [ 6 ]. In female rodents, effects of BPA prenatal exposure on escort elf pump oocyte, developing reproductive tract, and timing of sexual maturation were observed [ 789 ]. Similarly, BPA has been linked to several endocrine disorders including precocious escort elf pump, hormone dependent tumors such as breast and prostate cancer, and several metabolic disorders including obesity, diabetes, and polycystic ovary syndrome in human studies [ 2 ]. A significant and positive relationship was reported between BPA exposure and circulating androgen concentrations in a small study of 26 normal women and 47 women with ovarian dysfunction [ 17 ]. While no association was found between BPA and testosterone and E2 in a population-based prospective study [ 10 ]. The population for this study was identified from participants of a study evaluating the health effects of BPA in workplace. The study design and the findings on male workers have been described elsewhere [ 202122 ]. In brief, a retrospective cohort of BPA-exposed and un-exposed female workers were recruited. The exposed female workers came from manufacturers of epoxy resin in China, while the unexposed workers were from factories including garment factories, a textile factory, and a trade and commerce firm from the same jurisdiction of the health department overseeing the participating BPA-exposed factories. The study was approved by the committees for protection of human subjects from all participating institutes. All the workers in the study factories were invited to participate in the study and were asked to provide urine and blood samples after written informed consent forms were obtained. In the original cohort, a total of female escort elf pump were recruited, the participation rate was Female workers were eligible for the present study if they: 1 have been working in the current factory for more than six months; 2 were aged 18—45 years; 3 did not have major disease including diabetes, coronary heart disease, and chronic infections e. A total of women were included in the present analysis, including in exposed group and in unexposed group. Information on demographic characteristics, menstrual cycle, history of contraceptive methods usage and sexually transmitted diseases, as well as working history and lifestyle factors smoking, alcohol, and caffeine consumption were obtained by an in-person interview. In the exposed group, personal air sample monitoring was carried out for each workplace workers in the same place were considered to have shared escort elf pump similar exposure. TWA8 for a given BPA-exposed subgroup was the average of all individual TWA8s at this workplace.
Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Find articles by Ersheng Gao. Among exposed group. Current contraceptive methods usage. Esculin Iron Agar Artikelnummer G-F Lieferzeit 3 - 5 Tage.
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pump conveys medium in both for- ward and backwards stroke. Sampling pump ESCORT ELF with charger. manual pump to siphon is one of thousands of pieces of automotive references and accessories for sale on our website. Sampling pump ESCORT ELF with charger. The single-acting. Audi S3 S4 Elf Lego Friends · Craftsman 1 2 hp · Vw Oem Part · 1 2 Impact Craftsman. Sampling pump ESCORT ELF without charger. This de- sign leads to a significantly more fa- vorable pump price. Triplex. Ford ESCORT Zx2 Fuel Pump Driver Module 01 Top Rated.BPA levels in the unexposed group in the present study are lower than those that were reported in other countries, as well as in a study of school-aged students conducted by our research team in Shanghai, China in [ 31 ]. ESBL ChromoSelect Agar Base Artikelnummer G Lieferzeit 3 - 5 Tage. BPA can also induce prolactin gene expression and cell proliferation in both primary anterior pituitary cells and GH3 cells [ 27 ]. Add to Collections. Open in a new tab. All the workers in the study factories were invited to participate in the study and were asked to provide urine and blood samples after written informed consent forms were obtained. The population for this study was identified from participants of a study evaluating the health effects of BPA in workplace. Similar associations were observed after the analysis was carried out separately among the exposed and unexposed workers. Similarly, BPA has been linked to several endocrine disorders including precocious puberty, hormone dependent tumors such as breast and prostate cancer, and several metabolic disorders including obesity, diabetes, and polycystic ovary syndrome in human studies [ 2 ]. Find articles by Fen Yang. Consuming heavily packaged food was reported to be a major source of exposure of BPA, while in most Chinese rural areas, fresh cooked foods were the most common food type [ 32 ]. However, this finding is consistent with reported findings from in vitro and in vivo studies. To produce more stable measurements, we used the average of BPA levels from those two specimens among exposed workers who have provided both preshift and postshift urine samples. This indicated that lower dose BPA exposure may produce similar endocrine disrupting effects as suggested by previous studies [ 16 ]. After adjusting for age, smoking status, menstrual regularity and study center, significant positive associations were observed between urine BPA concentration and PRL and PROG level, which are consistent with the findings in Table 2. In the original cohort, a total of female workers were recruited, the participation rate was Table 3 shows associations between urine BPA concentrations creatinine adjusted and serum hormones using multivariable linear regression models. Ausgewählte Kategorien. Add Cancel. Venous blood samples were drawn from 8 a. For the exposed workers, one pre-shift and one post-shift urine sample was collected for each participating worker at the beginning and end of her working shift. As a library, NLM provides access to scientific literature. Find articles by De-Kun Li. As expected, the geometric mean of urine BPA concentration was higher in the exposed workers A total of exposed and unexposed female workers were included in this study. A significant positive association was found between urine BPA level and serum PRL and PROG concentration. Women with higher TWA8 had lower LH and higher E2 levels. All urine samples were collected using plastic tubes which were BPA-free. This variation could potentially lead to non-differential misclassifications and reduce our ability to detect existing association, although we have controlled for menstrual phases in the analysis. Official websites use. Particularly, these effects can be observed at environmentally relevant low dose [ 6 ]. Esculin Iron Agar Artikelnummer G-F Lieferzeit 3 - 5 Tage. Similar associations were observed after the analyses were stratified by exposure status exposed vs.
